(circa 1461- )
Capital of Bosnia and Herzegovinia
Population (2007): 304,000 (city); 419,000 (urban area)

It was burned to the ground in a raid led by Hapsburg Prince Eugene of Savoy (1697).
It was the site of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, which triggered World War I.
During the break-up of Yugoslavia, it underwent the longest siege in modern military history (1992-96).
Of the 12,000 people killed and 50,000 wounded during the siege, 85% were civilians.
Cultural and religious institutions, including the national library and a museum dedicated to the 1984 Olympics, were deliberately targeted for destruction.

It was the second city in the world with an electric tram system, after San Francisco.
It hosted the Winter Olympics (1984).
Most of the damage from the siege was rebuilt or repaired by 2003.
The site of Franz Ferdinand's assassination is marked by a wooden memorial with the words 'May Peace Prevail on Earth' in Bosnian, Serbian and English.
It was the subject of the U2 song 'Miss Sarajevo.'

Credit: C. Fishel

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