(August 22, 1915-May 25, 2004)
Born in Wakefield, Massachusetts
Member of the Socialist Party of America and the War Resisters League
Founded the magazine 'Liberation' (1956)
Wrote 'Revolutionary Non-Violence: Essays' (1970) and 'From Yale to Jail: The Life Story of a Moral Dissenter' (1993)
Oldest member of the Chicago Seven

While attending Yale, he spent a summer riding the rails with hobos.
Although he would have received a deferment as a seminary student, he refused to register for the draft at all and went to jail.
He said, 'I received more genuine religious stimulation in prison than in the seminary.'
A reporter covering the Chicago Seven trial wrote that he looked like 'an off-duty scoutmaster.'
He racked up 32 contempt of court citations during the Chicago Seven trial.
He celebrated the first Democratic convention held in Chicago since 1968 by getting arrested at a sit-in protest (1996).

He was a life-long advocate of non-violence.
He was captain of the cross-country team at Yale.
He rejected Communism for its lack of a 'spiritual dimension.'
While in jail in World War II, he and other conscientious objectors protested racial segregation of the dining halls, which were ultimately integrated.
He was married to Elizabeth Peterson for 62 years until his death.
Fellow Chicago Seven defendant Tom Hayden called him 'a pacifist who meant business.'

Credit: C. Fishel

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